TAKHRIJ HADITH METHODOLOGY

 TAKHRIJ HADITH METHODOLOGY

by, Zaharuddin, M.Th.I

Takhrij on terminology is searching and looking for the hadith from any kinds of hadith books of original sources, in the sources are mentioned all narrator and content of hadith. Because of this science, we will know the different between false hadith and accepted hadith if be applied because in this science will be known from researching all of the narrators of hadith, and also from the content (matn) of hadith, is it incontradicted with qur’an, hadiht, and incontradicted with maind of people. And also, does the releted hadith find in kutub At-Tis'ah or not ? so it has been researched to put outside (takhrij) from kutub al-tis’ah where the position of the hadith.

Before moving to the next, we must use the mu'jam books and the function is to make easier for searching hadith from kutub At-Tis'ah. And using the book, there are many something that have to be understood before using it for example about syimbols:

a)The Syimbols show the name of last narrators (mukharrij al-Hadis):

1.ت : narrated by al-Turmudsi in sunan al- Turmudzi.

2.د : narrated by Abu Daud in sunan Abu Daud.

3.حم : narrated by Ahmad bin Hanbal in Musnad ahmad bin Hanbal.

4.خ : narrated by al- Bukhari in sahih al-Bukhariy.

5.م : narrated by Muslim in sahih Muslim.

6.ن : narrated by al-Nasa’i in sunan al-Nasa’i. but in tukhfat al-asyraf  used  س for al-Nasa’i.  

7.ه : narrated by Ibn Majah in Sunan Ibn Majah. And also tukhfat al-asyraf  used س for al-Nasa’i. 

8.ق : narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim (Muttafaq ‘alih) in their books sahih al-bukhari and sahih Muslim.

9.مي : narrated by al-Darimiy in his book sunan al-Darimiy.

10.ما : narrated by imam Malik in his book Muwatt{a Imam Malik.

11.3 : narrated by 3 persons namely Abu Daud, al-turmudsi, and al-Nasa’i in their books Sunan Abu Daud, Sunan al-Turmudsi, and sunan al-Nasa’i.

12.4 : narrated by 4 persons namely Abu Daud, al-turmudsi, al-Nasa’i and Ibn Majah in their books Sunan Abu Daud, Sunan al-Turmudsi, sunan al-Nasa’i and sunan Ibn Majah.

13.And more.

b)Syimbols show the quality of hadith which are taken from al-Suyuti’s research below :

1.صح: show hadith Sahih

2.ح : show hadith Hasan

3.ض : show hadith da’if.

(  For the clearly, see Al-Hafids Li Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalaniy on his book Tukhfat Al-Asyraf bi Ma'rifati Al-Athraf, vol. I from Ad-Dar Al-Qayyimah, it’s published by Al-Kitab Al-Islamiy )

At this time, there are a lot of somethings are very deeply talked by scholar of hadith, among them; put outside all about related hadith from original sources of the hadith books. So all the hadtihs have a same text with the other hadith with related title must be explained because may one of the hadiths has a same text and has a same meaning with the other. 

But the other said, not at all of hadiths which have same text have same meaning, because there are a lot of hadiths have a same text but have different meaning, so the different meaning of the hadith is not including to the explanation and also has a same meaning but different text so it is include of this explanation, it means that it will be explained all the hadiths which have same meaning eventhough have different text or both of them are same and become basic explanation on this writing.

The writer gives argumentation that both of the reasons above looks like have a different but have a same purposes namely will mention the quality and meaning of related hadith. Because of that, the writer combines this reasons by using the first reason to complete all the data about tawassul as a complement data of this script, because by mentioning all the same text of hadith so can mention and show all hadiths which have a same meaning with the other because cannot be found if using the second reason so the first reason will complete the data of the second reason. So in this writing, writer used the second reason for making an explicit explanation about tawassul hadith meaning. Many examples will be mentioned in the next paragraph. 

Before moving to the next explanation, to do the takhrij of hadith there are any diffrent kinds are used by the most of moslem scholars of hadith, there are 5 kinds such: method of bilafsih, the first letter from the first word of the content of hadith (harf al-hijaiyah), with the first narrator of hadith (rawiyatul A’la), thematic (maudu’iy), and according to quality of hadith.

However, the methods which are used on this writing just 4 (four) methods, and the last method is not included namely according to hadith quality, and these methods are focusing to the books of kutub At-tis’ah only. And four of methods are:

1. Method of Bilafsih (using some key words from related hadith texts)

2. Method of harf al-hijaiyyah (the first letter/word from related hadith)

3. Method of rawiyatul A'la (according to the first narrator of hadith/ near from prophet)

4. Method of Maudhu'iy (related theme according to hadith content/thematic)

The using of four methods above are very important to be applied to look for some hadiths, because probably the same meaning of related hadiths are not found by using only one of the methods and will be found if using the other methods, for example some hadith are not found by using bilafsih only and it will be found if using rawiyah al-a’la , so according to writer mind that it must be used more than one of the methods to look for hadith from kutub al-tis’ah and using the more are the best to be applied.